While the initial focus may be on the humanitarian and safety needs of Japan after the Fukushima nuclear accident, South Korea has a major stake in the future of nuclear power. Countries around the world are reassessing their approach to nuclear power, but it is clear that South Korea is at a crossroads in the nuclear energy debate regarding domestic energy needs, export technologies, and nuclear security. Through its current commitment to nuclear energy and proximity to known proliferators in North Korea, South Korea’s actions can help guide the international community’s approach to nuclear power, safety, and security.