The year 2024 ended with South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol’s declaration of martial law, his impeachment by the National Assembly, and the ensuing political turmoil and uncertainty. While 2025 will be largely defined by South Korean efforts to regain normalcy and stability in its domestic and global affairs, as well as the inauguration of the Donald Trump administration, other key issues will define and impact the Korean Peninsula this year.

On December 3, 2024, South Koreans and people across the globe alike were stunned when President Yoon Suk Yeol declared martial law in a late-night, unannounced address. This marked the first use of martial law since South Korea’s transition to democracy in the late 1980s, reviving memories of the country’s authoritarian past and prompting widespread domestic backlash.

South Korea’s healthcare system, often lauded for its universal access and quality, is facing an emerging uneven provider-to-patient ratio crisis. This disparity disproportionately affects rural and underserved regions, where access to medical care is severely limited compared to urban centers. With an aging population and increasing rates of chronic illnesses, the strain on the healthcare system is increasingly growing.

We profile four members of the 119th Congress with Korean heritage. Andy Kim made history by becoming the first-ever Korean American elected to the US Senate and the first Asian-American senator from New Jersey or any East Coast state. Young Kim and Marilyn Strickland were reelected to represent the 40th District of California and the 10th District of Washington, respectively, and Dave Min is a first-term representative for the 47th District of California.

Although the US-Korea-Japan trilateral relationship may face new challenges under the incoming Donald Trump administration, cooperation between the three countries will likely persist.

As a growing number of countries develop their own sovereign AI systems, new challenges may emerge with Donald Trump’s return to the White House and his approach to generative AI.